Establishing the idea of nationality

The title of the above gives us the sense that nationality is not something that is round and fixed. We see for example, that in the 6th century BC the kingdom of Sriwijaya in South Sumatra have been visited by Fahien, who spread Buddhism in the area of Sriwijaya. When later Sriwijaya Buddhist sending people to the island of Java in the 8th century and they landed at the port of Pekalongan and continue the journey to the South through the Hardware, Kajen and so forth. They climbed Mount Dieng, and found the Hindu kingdom of Kalinga. Kingdom of Kalinga was left alone to follow the Hindu religion, in the area that is now called the district of Wonosobo. Buddhist people went on a trip through the district of Magelang, and founded the Buddhist temple of Borobudur. Most of the people of Sriwijaya was proceeding to the area of Yogyakarta. There they founded the kingdom of Kalinga, but the religion Buddhism.

In the 9th century AD, in the area of Prambanan Temple Rara Jongrang they founded, known as Candi Prambanan. The temple has become a place of worship Buddha way. In the 10th century BC, people were Buddhists in the area of Prambanan was then moved 500 miles away, into a region of Kediri. They founded the kingdom that has people who are Hindu-Buddhist. Its king was a very famous King Airlangga of Kediri / Daha it. Two centuries later they moved to Singosari in Malang. Their king is known of Ken Arok. Singosari survived until the 13th century, the last led by King Kertanegara.

In the 13th century, the religious law of Islam (students) named Raden Wijaya, founded the Majapahit kingdom in the north, namely in the outskirts of the river Brantas. They are backed by China's navy, which has been Muslim. However, there can not be prevented from fighting between the students and the Hindu-Buddhist (often also called the Bhairawa). When the Hindus, Buddhists were fighting them, many students who have been killed or injured in Troloyo weight, about two kilometers south of central Trowulan UB V, King of Majapahit kingdom of Majapahit, in addition to a consort of Hindu-Buddhist, also has Kampuchia concubine wife comes from. Muslim wives and concubines have children from two people. Large Koat named Tan Eng, Tan A sister is Lok. A Lok Tan is married to Tan Kim Han, China's ambassador to Majapahit. Tan Eng Hoat, in a battle in Troloyo was killed, together with many other fighters. Brother-in-law, namely Tan Eng Hoat then taken away to the regions of Demak. After recovering from the wounds he founded the Sultanate of Demak weight, where he became the first sultan and the name Raden Patah. Of the sultanate of Demak is born a leader who would later title of Sultan Agung Kusuma Hanyakra. He became the first king of Mataram dynasty in Yogyakarta.

In 1919 three cousins who tried to create a permanent event harmonize the teachings of Islam and national spirit. They are Haji Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto, KH. M. Hasjim As'yari and Pesantren Cane Ireng Jombang district, which is about 100 kilometers away from the city of Surabaya. They are equipped with KH. A. Wahab Chasbullah of Boarding Schools Pond Rice, from the same district. Tjokroaminoto HOS has a daughter named Sukarno, who later days known as Bung Karno. Three of the cousins had, in the discussions that brought the teachings of Islam. Meanwhile, Sukarno, to bring the spirit of nationhood. Discussions were continuing every Thursday until 1926, when NU was not standing by, who are members of the Kyai NU familiar with the dialogue between Islamic teachings and the spirit of nationhood. Thus, you can bet that the discussions that ultimately makes the senantisa NU adhere to the teachings of Islam, never forget the national spirit. Therefore, do not be surprised if NU Congress to-9 in Banjarmasin (year 1935) and then decide those students are not required to establish an Islamic state.

From what is described above, it is clear that the region becomes a very important factor in the history of our nation. There is no ideological unity, but so many of the views and beliefs develop, and have never attempted to make a single role model. In addition, we see that between Islamic teachings and the spirit of nationality need not be contradicted but rather peaceful coexistence. Hopefully, henceforth, such a spirit that can be developed further.

by : Abdurrahman Wahid, for Syarikat Indonesia, Jakarta 7 Januari 2009